 ATTORNEY GENERAL OF TEXAS GREG ABBOTT | |
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August 2, 2005 Mr. James M. Frazier, III
OR2005-06947 Dear Mr. Frazier: You ask whether certain information is subject to required public disclosure under the Public Information Act (the "Act"), chapter 552 of the Government Code. Your request was assigned ID# 229476. The Texas Department of Criminal Justice (the "department") received a request for information related to a specified former inmate from the former inmate's attorney. You state that you will release some information, but claim that the submitted information is excepted from disclosure under sections 552.101, 552.130 and 552.134 of the Government Code. We have considered the exceptions you claim and reviewed the submitted information, a portion of which consists of a representative sample of information.(1) Initially, you acknowledge, and we agree, that the department did not fully comply with the requirements of section 552.301 of the Government Code in seeking this open records decision. Specifically, the department failed to submit its supplemental brief with additional responsive information to this office within fifteen business days of receiving this written request. See Gov't Code § 552.301(a), (e). The department's delay in this matter results in the presumption that the requested information is public. See id. § 552.302; Hancock v. State Bd. of Ins., 797 S.W.2d 379 (Tex. App.--Austin 1990, no writ). In order to overcome this presumption, the department must provide compelling reasons why the information should not be disclosed. Hancock, 797 S.W.2d at 381. Since the applicability of sections 552.101, 552.130 and 552.134 can provide compelling reasons to withhold information from disclosure, we will address your arguments. We note that a portion of the submitted information constitutes medical record information, which is confidential under section 552.101 in conjunction with the Medical Practice Act ("MPA"), chapter 159 of the Occupations Code. Section 552.101 excepts from disclosure "information considered to be confidential by law, either constitutional, statutory, or by judicial decision." Gov't Code § 552.101. This section encompasses information made confidential by other statutes. Section 159.002 provides in pertinent part: (b) A record of the identity, diagnosis, evaluation, or treatment of a patient by a physician that is created or maintained by a physician is confidential and privileged and may not be disclosed except as provided by this chapter. (c) A person who receives information from a confidential communication or record as described by this chapter, other than a person listed in Section 159.004 who is acting on the patient's behalf, may not disclose the information except to the extent that disclosure is consistent with the authorized purposes for which the information was first obtained. Occ. Code § 159.002(b), (c). This office has concluded that the protection afforded by section 159.002 extends only to records created by either a physician or someone under the supervision of a physician. See Open Records Decision Nos. 487 (1987), 370 (1983), 343 (1982). Further, information that is subject to the MPA also includes information that was obtained from medical records. See Occ. Code. § 159.002(a), (b), (c); see also Open Records Decision No. 598 (1991). In addition, we have found that when a file is created as the result of a hospital stay, all the documents in the file relating to diagnosis and treatment constitute physician-patient communications or "[r]ecords of the identity, diagnosis, evaluation, or treatment of a patient by a physician that are created or maintained by a physician." Open Records Decision No. 546 (1990). Medical records must be released upon the governmental body's receipt of the patient's signed, written consent, provided that the consent specifies (1) the information to be covered by the release, (2) reasons or purposes for the release, and (3) the person to whom the information is to be released. See Occ. Code §§ 159.004, .005. Section 159.002(c) also requires that any subsequent release of medical records be consistent with the purposes for which the governmental body obtained the records. See Open Records Decision No. 565 at 7 (1990). We have marked the submitted information that constitutes medical records which must be released upon the department's receipt of a proper authorization under the MPA. In the absence of a proper authorization to release, the marked medical records must be withheld from the requestor pursuant to the MPA. Open Records Decision No. 598 (1991). We note that a portion of the submitted information consists of information acquired from a polygraph examination that is confidential pursuant to section 552.101 of the Government Code in conjunction with section 1703.306 of the Occupations Code. Pursuant to section 1703.306, information acquired from a polygraph examination may not be disclosed, unless it falls into one of that section's narrow exceptions. Section 1703.306 provides in part: (a) A polygraph examiner, trainee, or employee of a polygraph examiner, or a person for whom a polygraph examination is conducted or an employee of the person, may not disclose information acquired from a polygraph examination to another person other than: (1) the examinee or any other person specifically designated in writing by the examinee; (2) the person that requested the examination; (3) a member, or the member's agent, of a governmental agency that licenses a polygraph examiner or supervises or controls a polygraph examiner's activities; (4) another polygraph examiner in private consultation; or (5) any other person required by due process of law. Occ. Code § 1703.306(a). We note that the requestor represents the polygraph examinee. Section 1703.306(a)(1) expressly provides the requestor with a right of access to his client's polygraph information. Therefore, the department must release this information, which we have marked. Section 552.134 relates to information about inmates of the department and provides in relevant part: (a) Except as provided by Subsection (b) or by Section 552.029, information obtained or maintained by the Texas Department of Criminal Justice is excepted from the requirements of Section 552.021 if it is information about an inmate who is confined in a facility operated by or under a contract with the department. Gov't Code § 552.134(a). Section 552.029 of the Government Code provides: Notwithstanding Section 508.313 or 552.134, the following information about an inmate who is confined in a facility operated by or under a contract with the Texas Department of Criminal Justice is subject to required disclosure under Section 552.021: . . . (8) basic information regarding the death of an inmate in custody, an incident involving the use of force, or an alleged crime involving the inmate. Gov't Code § 552.029(8). The remaining submitted information consists of information about a former inmate who was confined in a facility operated by the department. Section 552.134 is explicitly made subject to section 552.029. Under section 552.029, basic information regarding the death of an inmate in custody, an alleged crime involving an inmate, and an incident involving the use of force is subject to required disclosure. Basic information includes the time and place of the incident, names of inmates and department officials directly involved, a brief narrative of the incident, a brief description of any injuries sustained, and information regarding criminal charges or disciplinary actions filed as a result of the incident. The information at issue includes an investigation of an alleged crime involving the inmate at issue. Accordingly, with the exception of basic information that must be released pursuant to section 552.029(8), the department must withhold the information it submitted pertaining to the named former inmate under section 552.134 of the Government Code. In summary, we have marked the submitted medical records that may only be released in accordance with the MPA. The requestor has a right of access to the polygraph information we have marked under section 1703.306(a)(1) of the Occupations Code. Other than basic information regarding the alleged crime by the named former department inmate, the remaining submitted information must be withheld under section 552.134 of the Government Code. This letter ruling is limited to the particular records at issue in this request and limited to the facts as presented to us; therefore, this ruling must not be relied upon as a previous determination regarding any other records or any other circumstances. This ruling triggers important deadlines regarding the rights and responsibilities of the governmental body and of the requestor. For example, governmental bodies are prohibited from asking the attorney general to reconsider this ruling. Gov't Code § 552.301(f). If the governmental body wants to challenge this ruling, the governmental body must appeal by filing suit in Travis County within 30 calendar days. Id. § 552.324(b). In order to get the full benefit of such an appeal, the governmental body must file suit within 10 calendar days. Id. § 552.353(b)(3), (c). If the governmental body does not appeal this ruling and the governmental body does not comply with it, then both the requestor and the attorney general have the right to file suit against the governmental body to enforce this ruling. Id. § 552.321(a). If this ruling requires the governmental body to release all or part of the requested information, the governmental body is responsible for taking the next step. Based on the statute, the attorney general expects that, upon receiving this ruling, the governmental body will either release the public records promptly pursuant to section 552.221(a) of the Government Code or file a lawsuit challenging this ruling pursuant to section 552.324 of the Government Code. If the governmental body fails to do one of these things, then the requestor should report that failure to the attorney general's Open Government Hotline, toll free, at (877) 673-6839. The requestor may also file a complaint with the district or county attorney. Id. § 552.3215(e). If this ruling requires or permits the governmental body to withhold all or some of the requested information, the requestor can appeal that decision by suing the governmental body. Id. § 552.321(a); Tex. Dep't of Pub. Safety v. Gilbreath, 842 S.W.2d 408, 411 (Tex. App.--Austin 1992, no writ). Please remember that under the Act the release of information triggers certain procedures for costs and charges to the requestor. If records are released in compliance with this ruling, be sure that all charges for the information are at or below the legal amounts. Questions or complaints about over-charging must be directed to Hadassah Schloss at the Texas Building and Procurement Commission at (512) 475-2497. If the governmental body, the requestor, or any other person has questions or comments about this ruling, they may contact our office. We note that a third party may challenge this ruling by filing suit seeking to withhold information from a requestor. Gov't Code § 552.325. Although there is no statutory deadline for contacting us, the attorney general prefers to receive any comments within 10 calendar days of the date of this ruling. Sincerely, L. Joseph James
c: Mr. Jerome Fjeld
Footnotes 1. We assume that the "representative sample" of records submitted to this office is truly representative of the requested records as a whole. See Open Records Decision Nos. 499 (1988), 497 (1988). This open records letter does not reach, and therefore does not authorize the withholding of, any other requested records to the extent that those records contain substantially different types of information than that submitted to this office. POST OFFICE BOX 12548, AUSTIN, TEXAS 78711-2548 TEL: (512) 463-2100 WEB:WWW.OAG.STATE.TX.US |